Paper – II :
1. History and Development of Anthropology in India :
1.1 Colonialism and Anthropology in India.
1.2 Phases of development and major trends of Anthropology in India.
1.3 Idea of Indian tradition of Anthropology. Contribution of Indian scholars : S.C.Roy, N.K. Bose, M.N. Srinivas, D.N. Majumdar, T.C. Das, S.C. Sinha and S.S. Sarkar.
2. Evolution of Indian culture and civilization :
2.1 Prehistoric cultures: Palaeolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Iron age.
2.2 Indus Valley Civilization (origin, distribution, features with special reference to architectural, socio-economic and religious; decline; Indus script.)
2.3 Vedic society (early and late): Society, economy and polity.
2.4 Contribution of tribal cultures to Indian civilization.
2.5 Ethnoarchaeology in India with special reference to mortuary practices and megalithic burials.
3. Emergence of man in India and contemporary variation :
3.1 Fossil remains in India: Ramapithecus, Narmada man.
3.2 Classification of Indian population: H.H. Risley, B.S. Guha and S.S. Sarkar.
3.3 Contemporary classification based on morphology, anthropometry and genetic markers (ABO, Hb, HP, mtDNA).
4. Demographic Profile of India :
4.1 Demography: concept, theories and methods.
4.2 Structure and features of Indian population; Rates and Ratios : Fertility, Mortality; Factors influencing fertility and mortality. Dynamics of demography in rural, urban and tribal contexts. Migration and effects of migration.
4.3 Linguistic elements in Indian population (Grierson and S.K.Chatterjee).
5. Anthropological approaches to Indian civilization :
5.1 Cultural categories of ancient India :Varnashram, Purushartha, Karma and Rebirth.
5.2 Caste system – origin, features, functions and change in caste system, Dominant Caste, Jajmani system.
5.3 Structure of Indian civilization: Theoretical understanding (R.Redfield, N.K.Bose).
5.4 Concepts for understanding Indian civilization: Sanskritization, Universalization-Parochialization, Tribe-peasant & Tribe-caste continuum, State Formation and Sacred Complex.
5.5 Idea of folk and folk culture, folkloric elements in Indian culture (proverbs, folksong, folkart with special reference to West Bengal), folklore and identity, performances.
5.6 Impact of Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, Christianity on Indian society.
6. Aspects of Indian village :
6.1 Development of village study in India and its significance.
6.2 Types of village, social organization of Indian village (agricultural).
6.3 Concepts developed through village studies in India.
6.4 Changes in rural society in post-Independent India.
7. Weaker sections :
7.1 Concepts of SC, ST, OBC, minority, women, children, aged – status, constitutional provisions, problems, programmes of development.
7.2 Linguistic minority and its problems.
8. Tribal situation in India :
8.1 Ethnic strains in Indian population, Geographical, Economic and linguistic distribution of Indian tribes.
8.2 Major problems of Indian tribes with special reference to issues of land and forest.
8.3 Plan and programmes for the development of the STs; problems/critique of tribal development;
five year plans and Indian tribes – a review.
8.4 Constitutional safeguards for STs, 5th and 6th Schedules.
8.5 Socio-economic changes in tribal millieu – Impact of urbanization, industrialization, forest policy, development projects on tribal people. Changes in tribal society in colonial and post-Independent periods.
Impact of modern democratic institutions on traditional political system.
8.6 Tribal movement (Nature and distribution), Emergence of Ethnicity, Issues of Identity, Tribe and Nation-State, Indian National Movement and Indian tribes, Regionalism, Jharkhand movement, Santal movement.
9. Anthropology of development:
9.1 Critique, approaches, issues of women development, cultural factors of development, displacement and rehabitation, sustainable development, alternative to development.
9.2 Role of NGO in development.
9.3 Role of anthropology in development.
10. Emerging issues in Indian Anthropology:
10.1 Human Rights and advocacy of anthropology in the contexts of women, children, health and education.
10.2 Social-cultural dimensions of health: Bio-medical, medical anthropology and ethno medicine.
10.3 Issues in context: Sect, Cult, Religions pluralism in India, Visual image and Indian society, Public Culture in India, Refugee, Civil Society, Violence, Traditional Knowledge.
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